Severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis is a disease that is caused by premature activation of pancreatic enzymes. Cytokine release contributes to systemic manifestations such as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and sepsis. Diagnosis is based on a history of abdominal pain, laboratory values such as serum amylase and lipase levels, and CT scan. Medical management focuses on fluid and electrolyte balance, antibiotic therapy, pain control, and decreasing systemic complications. Surgery is indicated when infectious pancreatic necrosis has been identified. This article addresses incidence and etiology; pathophysiology; clinical manifestations; diagnostics; and medical and surgical patient care management.
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1 November 1999
Gastrointestinal Disorders|
November 01 1999
Necrotizing Pancreatitis: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Acute Care Management
Diane M. Wrobleski, RN, MS, CEN;
*From the Critical Care Section and the Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota.
Reprint requests to Diane Wrobleski, RN, MS, CEN, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905.
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Melissa M. Barth, RN, MS;
Melissa M. Barth, RN, MS
†From the Education and Professional Development Section, Department of Nursing; and Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Lance J. Oyen, PharmD, BCPS
Lance J. Oyen, PharmD, BCPS
‡From the Critical Care, Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota.
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AACN Adv Crit Care (1999) 10 (4): 464–477.
Citation
Diane M. Wrobleski, Melissa M. Barth, Lance J. Oyen; Necrotizing Pancreatitis: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Acute Care Management. AACN Adv Crit Care 1 November 1999; 10 (4): 464–477. doi:
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