Dual-chamber pacing has been available since the early 1980s, yet it is a topic with which critical care nurses consistently have difficulty. New advances in pacemaker technology have built on the principles inherent in dual-chamber pacing, making it imperative that practitioners have a basic-understanding of dual-chamber pacemaker function. With dwindling clinical resources, the responsibility of the bedside nurse to evaluate appropriate pacemaker function and identify the patient’s response to pacemaker therapy has increased

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