Adiposity and the Role of Neuroendocrine Hormones in Energy Balance

Obesity is a worldwide health concern and, given the risk for developing associated co-morbidities that increase mortality, obesity has health implications for individuals and populations. Obesity involves multifactorial regulatory mechanisms, and recognition of these mechanisms will enhance the care critical care nurses provide to their patients. This article reviews the general physiological mechanisms of energy storage and the regulation of adiposity related to key neuroendocrine hormones. The authors also highlight the implications for nursing care for critically ill patients suffering from obesity.