Impact of an Active Music Therapy Intervention on Intensive Care Patients

Golino, Amanda J.; Leone, Raymond; Gollenberg, Audra; Christopher, Catherine; Stanger, Debra; Davis, Theresa M.; Meadows, Anthony; Zhang, Zhiwei; Friesen, Mary Ann

doi:10.4037/ajcc2019792

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Innovative Approaches| January 01 2019

Impact of an Active Music Therapy Intervention on Intensive Care Patients

Amanda J. Golino, MSN, RN, RN-BC, CCRN, CCNS;

Amanda J. Golino, MSN, RN, RN-BC, CCRN, CCNS

Amanda J. Golino is a clinical nurse specialist, Catherine Christopher is director of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and Debra Stanger is the Magnet program director, Inova Loudoun Hospital, Leesburg, Virginia. Raymond Leone is director of medical music therapy, A Place to Be, Middleburg, Virginia. Audra Gollenberg is an associate professor of public health and Anthony Meadows is an associate professor of music therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia. Theresa M. Davis is clinical operations director of enVision eICU, INOVA Telemedicine, and Mary Ann Friesen is nursing research and evidence-based practice coordinator, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia. Zhiwei Zhang is an associate professor and director of the Statistical Collaboratory, University of California, Riverside, California.

Corresponding author: Amanda J. Golino, msn, rn, rn-bc, ccrn, ccns, Inova Loudoun Hospital, 44045 Riverside Pkwy, Leesburg, VA 20176 (email: [email protected]).

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Raymond Leone, MMT, MT-BC;

Raymond Leone, MMT, MT-BC

Amanda J. Golino is a clinical nurse specialist, Catherine Christopher is director of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and Debra Stanger is the Magnet program director, Inova Loudoun Hospital, Leesburg, Virginia. Raymond Leone is director of medical music therapy, A Place to Be, Middleburg, Virginia. Audra Gollenberg is an associate professor of public health and Anthony Meadows is an associate professor of music therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia. Theresa M. Davis is clinical operations director of enVision eICU, INOVA Telemedicine, and Mary Ann Friesen is nursing research and evidence-based practice coordinator, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia. Zhiwei Zhang is an associate professor and director of the Statistical Collaboratory, University of California, Riverside, California.

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Audra Gollenberg, PhD;

Audra Gollenberg, PhD

Amanda J. Golino is a clinical nurse specialist, Catherine Christopher is director of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and Debra Stanger is the Magnet program director, Inova Loudoun Hospital, Leesburg, Virginia. Raymond Leone is director of medical music therapy, A Place to Be, Middleburg, Virginia. Audra Gollenberg is an associate professor of public health and Anthony Meadows is an associate professor of music therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia. Theresa M. Davis is clinical operations director of enVision eICU, INOVA Telemedicine, and Mary Ann Friesen is nursing research and evidence-based practice coordinator, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia. Zhiwei Zhang is an associate professor and director of the Statistical Collaboratory, University of California, Riverside, California.

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Catherine Christopher, MEd, CCC-SLP;

Catherine Christopher, MEd, CCC-SLP

Amanda J. Golino is a clinical nurse specialist, Catherine Christopher is director of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and Debra Stanger is the Magnet program director, Inova Loudoun Hospital, Leesburg, Virginia. Raymond Leone is director of medical music therapy, A Place to Be, Middleburg, Virginia. Audra Gollenberg is an associate professor of public health and Anthony Meadows is an associate professor of music therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia. Theresa M. Davis is clinical operations director of enVision eICU, INOVA Telemedicine, and Mary Ann Friesen is nursing research and evidence-based practice coordinator, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia. Zhiwei Zhang is an associate professor and director of the Statistical Collaboratory, University of California, Riverside, California.

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Debra Stanger, MSN, RN, NEA-BC;

Debra Stanger, MSN, RN, NEA-BC

Amanda J. Golino is a clinical nurse specialist, Catherine Christopher is director of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and Debra Stanger is the Magnet program director, Inova Loudoun Hospital, Leesburg, Virginia. Raymond Leone is director of medical music therapy, A Place to Be, Middleburg, Virginia. Audra Gollenberg is an associate professor of public health and Anthony Meadows is an associate professor of music therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia. Theresa M. Davis is clinical operations director of enVision eICU, INOVA Telemedicine, and Mary Ann Friesen is nursing research and evidence-based practice coordinator, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia. Zhiwei Zhang is an associate professor and director of the Statistical Collaboratory, University of California, Riverside, California.

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Theresa M. Davis, PhD, RN, NE-BC, CHTP;

Theresa M. Davis, PhD, RN, NE-BC, CHTP

Amanda J. Golino is a clinical nurse specialist, Catherine Christopher is director of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and Debra Stanger is the Magnet program director, Inova Loudoun Hospital, Leesburg, Virginia. Raymond Leone is director of medical music therapy, A Place to Be, Middleburg, Virginia. Audra Gollenberg is an associate professor of public health and Anthony Meadows is an associate professor of music therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia. Theresa M. Davis is clinical operations director of enVision eICU, INOVA Telemedicine, and Mary Ann Friesen is nursing research and evidence-based practice coordinator, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia. Zhiwei Zhang is an associate professor and director of the Statistical Collaboratory, University of California, Riverside, California.

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Anthony Meadows, PhD, MT-BC, LPC;

Anthony Meadows, PhD, MT-BC, LPC

Amanda J. Golino is a clinical nurse specialist, Catherine Christopher is director of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and Debra Stanger is the Magnet program director, Inova Loudoun Hospital, Leesburg, Virginia. Raymond Leone is director of medical music therapy, A Place to Be, Middleburg, Virginia. Audra Gollenberg is an associate professor of public health and Anthony Meadows is an associate professor of music therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia. Theresa M. Davis is clinical operations director of enVision eICU, INOVA Telemedicine, and Mary Ann Friesen is nursing research and evidence-based practice coordinator, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia. Zhiwei Zhang is an associate professor and director of the Statistical Collaboratory, University of California, Riverside, California.

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Zhiwei Zhang, PhD;

Zhiwei Zhang, PhD

Amanda J. Golino is a clinical nurse specialist, Catherine Christopher is director of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and Debra Stanger is the Magnet program director, Inova Loudoun Hospital, Leesburg, Virginia. Raymond Leone is director of medical music therapy, A Place to Be, Middleburg, Virginia. Audra Gollenberg is an associate professor of public health and Anthony Meadows is an associate professor of music therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia. Theresa M. Davis is clinical operations director of enVision eICU, INOVA Telemedicine, and Mary Ann Friesen is nursing research and evidence-based practice coordinator, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia. Zhiwei Zhang is an associate professor and director of the Statistical Collaboratory, University of California, Riverside, California.

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Mary Ann Friesen, PhD, RN, CPHQ

Amanda J. Golino is a clinical nurse specialist, Catherine Christopher is director of physical medicine and rehabilitation, and Debra Stanger is the Magnet program director, Inova Loudoun Hospital, Leesburg, Virginia. Raymond Leone is director of medical music therapy, A Place to Be, Middleburg, Virginia. Audra Gollenberg is an associate professor of public health and Anthony Meadows is an associate professor of music therapy, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia. Theresa M. Davis is clinical operations director of enVision eICU, INOVA Telemedicine, and Mary Ann Friesen is nursing research and evidence-based practice coordinator, Inova Health System, Falls Church, Virginia. Zhiwei Zhang is an associate professor and director of the Statistical Collaboratory, University of California, Riverside, California.

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Am J Crit Care (2019) 28 (1): 48–55.

https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2019792

Background

Nonpharmacological interventions appear to benefit many patients and do not have the side effects commonly associated with medications. Music-based experiences may benefit critical care patients.

Objective

To examine the effect of an active music therapy intervention on physiological parameters and self-reported pain and anxiety levels of patients in the intensive care unit.

Methods

A study was conducted using a pretest-posttest, within-subject, single-group design. The study population consisted of a convenience sample of 52 patients. Study participants received a 30-minute music therapy session consisting of either a relaxation intervention or a “song choice” intervention. The music therapist recorded the patients’ vital signs before and after the intervention, and patients completed self-assessments of their pain and anxiety levels before and after the intervention.

Results

After the intervention, significant decreases (all P < .001) were found in respiratory rate (mean difference, 3.7 [95% CI, 2.6–4.7] breaths per minute), heart rate (5.9 [4.0–7.8] beats per minute), and self-reported pain (1.2 [0.8–1.6] points) and anxiety levels (2.7 [2.2–3.3] points). No significant change in oxygen saturation level was observed. Outcomes differed between the 2 intervention groups: patients receiving the relaxation intervention often fell asleep.

Conclusions

The results of this study support active music therapy as a nonpharmacological intervention in intensive care units. This study may lay the groundwork for future research on music therapy in critical care units using larger, more diverse samples.

2019

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