Nearly 1 in 3 patients in intensive care units (ICUs) will develop delirium—altered consciousness with accompanying cognitive changes. Delirium is independently associated with longer hospital stays, greater mortality risk, and higher costs. Currently, treatment for delirium is limited by a lack of clarity concerning the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying its development and presentation. However, known predisposing and precipitating factors are potentially modifiable via pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic measures. Using data from a patient’s ICU admission (eg, age, medical history, hemodynamic values), 3 different prediction models can be used to predict a patient’s risk of developing ICU delirium with 63% to 78% accuracy (ie, PRE-DELIRIC, E-PRE-DELIRIC, and Lanzhou). Of note, the PRE-DELIRIC model excludes the presence of mechanical ventilation, which has been consistently identified as a factor predisposing patients to delirium. Thus, it is unclear if the PRE-DELIRIC’s accuracy varies between patients who are receiving mechanical ventilation and patients who are not. If...

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