Both tools are specific to the intensive care unit (ICU) only. The APACHE (Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation) score is a severity score and mortality estimation tool specific to ICU patients from multiple disease states. It uses the worst values within the first 24 hours of admission to predict mortality. Although SOFA (Sequential [sepsis-related] Organ Failure Assessment) is also a predictive severity score, it is ongoing, it is used to predict mortality from organ dysfunction including in sepsis, and it uses values from the first 24 hours and every 48 hours afterward.

Maintaining a mean MAP of 65 mm Hg is a strong recommendation with moderate quality of evidence on the basis of several studies. The studies compared outcomes with higher MAPs (eg, 75 mm Hg, 80 mm Hg, 85 mm Hg) versus MAP of 65 mm Hg predominately, with 1 study looking at a range of 60 to...

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